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In article <3ca6f75f$1@news.povray.org> , "Jan Walzer" <jan### [at] lzer net> wrote:
> No ... this is not what I meant ... I mean, that the prog, can modify itself
> in memory, to speedup execution ...
> ... or to make unreadable code ...
Which would make it close to impossible to just-in-time compile anything.
Anyway, here is a list from the source code. It may not be fully up-to-date
and probably won't we very readable in a newsreader, but that is what text
editiors and printers are for :-)
Thorsten
- - - - - - - - -
# Rs = R0 - R7, one of eight floating-point registers
# Rd = R0 - R7, one of eight floating-point registers
# k = constant, can be DBL or int depending on function
# SP = data stack point
# PSP = program stack pointer
# CC = condition code register
# PC = program counter
# global = global variable data space
# local = local variable data space
# const = const floating-point value data space
# eq = equal
# ne = not equal
# lt = lower
# le = lower or equal
# gt = greater
# ge = greater or equal
R-Type Instructions (9 * 64 = 576)
Opcode|Source| Dest | k-data |Instruction | Operation
4 bits|3 bits|3 bits|16 bits | |
------+------+------+--------+--------------+-----------------------------
00 | Rs | Rd | 0000 | add Rs, Rd | Rd + Rs -> Rd
01 | Rs | Rd | 0000 | sub Rs, Rd | Rd - Rs -> Rd
02 | Rs | Rd | 0000 | mul Rs, Rd | Rd * Rs -> Rd
03 | Rs | Rd | 0000 | div Rs, Rd | Rd / Rs -> Rd
04 | Rs | Rd | 0000 | mod Rs, Rd | Rd % Rs -> Rd
05 | Rs | Rd | 0000 | move Rs, Rd | Rs -> Rd
06 | Rs | Rd | 0000 | cmp Rs, Rd | Rd - Rs -> CC
07 | Rs | Rd | 0000 | neg Rs, Rd | -Rs -> Rd
08 | Rs | Rd | 0000 | abs Rs, Rd | |Rs| -> Rd
I-Type Instructions (7 * 8 = 56)
Opcode|Ext.Op| Dest | k-data |Instruction | Operation
4 bits|3 bits|3 bits|16 bits | |
------+------+------+--------+--------------+-----------------------------
09 | 00 | Rd |const(k)|addi c, Rd | Rd + const(k) -> Rd
09 | 01 | Rd |const(k)|subi c, Rd | Rd - const(k) -> Rd
09 | 02 | Rd |const(k)|muli c, Rd | Rd * const(k) -> Rd
09 | 03 | Rd |const(k)|divi c, Rd | Rd / const(k) -> Rd
09 | 04 | Rd |const(k)|modi c, Rd | Rd % const(k) -> Rd
09 | 05 | Rd |const(k)|loadi c, Rd | const(k) -> Rd
09 | 06 | Rd |const(k)|cmpi c, Rd | Rd - const(k) -> CC
JS-Type Instructions (6 * 8 = 48)
Opcode|Ext.Op| Dest | k-data |Instruction | Operation
4 bits|3 bits|3 bits|16 bits | |
------+------+------+--------+--------------+-----------------------------
10 | 00 | Rd | 0000 |seq Rd | (CC = eq) -> Rd
10 | 01 | Rd | 0000 |sne Rd | (CC = ne) -> Rd
10 | 02 | Rd | 0000 |slt Rd | (CC = lt) -> Rd
10 | 03 | Rd | 0000 |sle Rd | (CC = le) -> Rd
10 | 04 | Rd | 0000 |sgt Rd | (CC = gt) -> Rd
10 | 05 | Rd | 0000 |sge Rd | (CC = ge) -> Rd
10 | 06 | Rd | 0000 |teq Rd | (Rd == 0) -> Rd
10 | 07 | Rd | 0000 |tne Rd | (Rd != 0) -> Rd
ML-Type Instructions (2 * 8 = 16)
Opcode|Ext.Op| Dest | k-data |Instruction | Operation
4 bits|3 bits|3 bits|16 bits | |
------+------+------+--------+--------------+-----------------------------
11 | 00 | Rd | 0000 |load 0(k), Rd | global(k) -> Rd
11 | 01 | Rd | 0000 |load SP(k), Rd| local(k) -> Rd
MS-Type Instructions (2 * 8 = 16)
Opcode|Ext.Op|Source| k-data |Instruction | Operation
4 bits|3 bits|3 bits|16 bits | |
------+------+------+--------+--------------+-----------------------------
12 | 00 | Rs | 0000 |store Rs, 0(k)| Rs -> global(k)
12 | 01 | Rs | 0000 |store Rs, SP(k)| Rs -> local(k)
JB-Type Instructions (6)
Opcode|Ext.Op|Unused| k-data |Instruction | Operation
4 bits|3 bits|3 bits|16 bits | |
------+------+------+--------+--------------+-----------------------------
13 | 00 | 00 | offset |beq k | if (CC = eq) then k -> PC
13 | 01 | 00 | offset |bne k | if (CC = ne) then k -> PC
13 | 02 | 00 | offset |blt k | if (CC = lt) then k -> PC
13 | 03 | 00 | offset |ble k | if (CC = le) then k -> PC
13 | 04 | 00 | offset |bgt k | if (CC = gt) then k -> PC
13 | 05 | 00 | offset |bge k | if (CC = ge) then k -> PC
XS-Type Instructions (6 * 8 = 48)
Opcode|Ext.Op|Source| k-data |Instruction | Operation
4 bits|3 bits|3 bits|16 bits | |
------+------+------+--------+--------------+-----------------------------
14 | 00 | Rs | 0000 |xeq Rs | if (Rs == 0) then exception
14 | 01 | Rs | 0000 |xne Rs | if (Rs != 0) then exception
14 | 02 | Rs | 0000 |xlt Rs | if (Rs < 0) then exception
14 | 03 | Rs | 0000 |xle Rs | if (Rs <= 0) then exception
14 | 04 | Rs | 0000 |xgt Rs | if (Rs > 0) then exception
14 | 05 | Rs | 0000 |xge Rs | if (Rs >= 0) then exception
14 | 06 | Rs | 0000 |xdz R0, Rs | if (R0 == 0) && (Rs == 0) then
exception
X-Type Instructions (11)
Opcode|Ext.Op| k-data |Instruction | Operation
4 bits|6 bits|16 bits | |
------+------+--------+--------------+--------------------------------
15 | 00 | 0000 |jsr k | PSP + 1 -> PSP, PC -> (PSP), k -> PC
15 | 01 | 0000 |jmp k | k -> PC
15 | 02 | 0000 |rts | (PSP) -> PC, PSP - 1 -> PSP
15 | 03 | 0000 |call k | calls user-defined function k, result
will be in R0
15 | 04 | 0000 |sys1 k | calls internal function k with one
argument, result will be in R0
15 | 05 | 0000 |sys2 k | calls internal function k with two
arguments, result will be in R0
15 | 06 | 0000 |trap k | calls internal function k with
arguments on stack, result will be in R0
15 | 07 | 0000 |traps k | calls internal function k with
arguments on stack, result will be on the stack
15 | 08 | 0000 |grow k | grow the stack to hold k elements
(floating-point numbers)
15 | 09 | 0000 |push k | move the stack pointer k elements
forward
15 | 10 | 0000 |pop k | move the stack pointer k elements
backward
15 | 63 | 0000 |nop | no operation
Total number of defined instructions: 780
Density of instruction set: 780 / 1024 = 0.7617
OF COURSE THIS IS ALL SUBJECT TO COMPLETE CHANGE AND REDESIGN IN CURRENT AND
FUTURE VERSIONS OF POV-RAY!
____________________________________________________
Thorsten Froehlich, Duisburg, Germany
e-mail: tho### [at] trfde
Visit POV-Ray on the web: http://mac.povray.org
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