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//============================================================
//
// Cloud2.pov
//
// A scene showing cloud built from concentric spheres.
// Cloud texture is purely ambient and shows a light
// source highlight.
//
// By Michael Andrews, 10/9/99
//
//============================================================
//=========================================
// macro mAlign
// Adapted from Giles Trans' Maketree.pov
//-----------------------------------------
// returns a matrix operation that aligns an object or texture along P2-P1
// the object is translated to P1
// translate to P2-P1 if you want the object to be on P2
#macro mAlign(P1,P2)
#local yV1=vnormalize(P2-P1);
#local xV1=vnormalize(vcross(yV1,z));
#local zV1=vcross(xV1,yV1);
matrix <xV1.x,xV1.y,xV1.z,yV1.x,yV1.y,yV1.z,zV1.x,zV1.y,zV1.z,P1.x,P1.y,P1.z>
#end
//-----------------------------------------
// end of mAlign macro
//=========================================
#include "colors.inc"
global_settings { assumed_gamma 1.0 max_trace_level 100 }
// Light constants.
#declare lightDir = vnormalize(<-0.5,2.1,2>);
#declare lightLen = 1.5e6;
#declare lightRad = lightLen*sin(radians(0.25));
#declare lightCol = <1,.97,.95>;
// Camera constants.
#declare camPos = <0.0, .15, -.75>;
#declare camLookAt = <0,7,20>;
#declare camAngle = 90;
camera {
up <0, 1, 0>
right <4/3, 0, 0>
location camPos
direction <0.0, 0.0, 1>
angle camAngle
look_at camLookAt
}
light_source {
0*x
colour rgb lightCol
translate lightDir*lightLen
parallel
point_at 0
media_attenuation on
}
// Fake an atmospheric light blur.
union {
sphere { 0, 1 pigment { rgb lightCol } finish { ambient 1 diffuse 0 } }
disc { 0, y, 1 pigment { spherical poly_wave 3 colour_map {[0 rgbt 1][1 rgb
lightCol]} } finish { ambient 1 diffuse 0 } scale 15 }
no_shadow
scale lightRad
mAlign(lightLen*lightDir, camPos)
}
// Standard constants.
#declare baseRad = 6371.0;
#declare grndRad = baseRad;
#declare atmDisp = 15;
#declare atmCol = <1/atmDisp, 1/sqrt(atmDisp), 1>;
// Fade out the horizon to minimize artifacts.
fog {
fog_type 2
colour rgb (0.4+atmCol)*0.5
distance 30
fog_alt 6
}
fog {
fog_type 2
colour rgb (1-atmCol)*0.5
distance 500
fog_alt 15
}
background { rgb atmCol }
// Start of cloud definition.
#declare cloudDepth = 1;
#declare cloudBase = baseRad+2;
#declare cloudTop = cloudBase + cloudDepth;
#declare baseVal = cloudBase/cloudTop;
#declare topVal = 1;
#declare midVal = 0.25*(baseVal*3+topVal);
// Reduce cloud at top and base.
#declare cloudFn1 = function {
pigment {
spherical frequency -1
colour_map {
[baseVal rgb 0]
[midVal rgb 1]
[topVal rgb 0]
}
}
}
// Ridged fractal cloud density (could probably use granite or bozo or ...).
#declare cMax = 1+0.5+0.25+0.125+0.0625;
#declare icMax = 1/cMax;
#declare cloudFn3 = function {
(abs(4*noise3d(x,y,z)-2)
+0.5*abs(4*noise3d(x*3,y*3,z*3)-2)
+0.25*abs(4*noise3d(x*9,y*9,z*9)-2)
+0.125*abs(4*noise3d(x*27,y*27,z*27)-2)
+0.0625*abs(4*noise3d(x*81,y*81,z*81)-2)
-cMax
)*icMax+0.5
}
// Put the cloud functions together.
#declare S = cloudTop/(5*cloudDepth);
#declare cloudFn = function {
max(0,min(1,1-sqr(1-cloudFn1(x,y,z))+cloudFn3(x*S,y*S,z*S)-1))
}
// Produce a sort of shadowing function by a few point samples toward the light.
#declare sDel = 0.1*cloudDepth/cloudTop;
#declare LDX = sDel*lightDir.x;
#declare LDY = sDel*lightDir.y;
#declare LDZ = sDel*lightDir.z;
#declare cloudDel = function {
cloudFn(x,y,z)-
max(
cloudFn(x+LDX,y+LDY,z+LDZ),
max(
cloudFn(x+2*LDX,y+2*LDY,z+2*LDZ),
max(
cloudFn(x+3*LDX,y+3*LDY,z+3*LDZ),
cloudFn(x+4*LDX,y+4*LDY,z+4*LDZ)
)
)
)
}
// Cloud colours. Need tweaking.
#declare cCol1 = colour rgb 0.2*(2*lightCol*(1-0.1*atmCol)+atmCol) filter 0.8;
#declare cCol2 = colour rgb 0.2*(3*lightCol*(1-0.1*atmCol)+atmCol) filter 0.7;
#declare cCol3 = colour rgb 0.2*(5*lightCol*(1-0.1*atmCol)+atmCol) filter 0.6;
#declare cCol4 = colour rgb 0.2*(8*lightCol*(1-0.1*atmCol)+atmCol) filter 0.5;
// Pigment to fake a sun highlight for camera.
#declare sunPig = pigment { cylindrical poly_wave 3 scale 2
mAlign(camPos,camPos+lightDir) translate baseRad*y scale 1/cloudTop }
// Build a set of concentric spheres with the cloud function pigment.
#declare mSamples = 60;
union {
#declare sCnt = 0; #while ( sCnt < mSamples )
#declare fCnt = sCnt/(mSamples-1);
sphere { 0, fCnt+(1-fCnt)*(cloudBase/cloudTop) }
#declare sCnt = sCnt + 1; #end
pigment {
function { cloudFn(x,y,z) }
pigment_map {
[0.0 colour rgbf 1]
[0.5
function { max(0,min(1,cloudDel(x,y,z)*5+0.5)) }
pigment_map {
[0 sunPig colour_map {[0 cCol1][1 cCol2]} ]
[0.4 sunPig colour_map {[0 cCol2][1 cCol3]} ]
[1 sunPig colour_map {[0 cCol3][1 cCol4]} ]
}
]
}
}
finish { ambient 1 diffuse 0 }
hollow
scale cloudTop
translate -baseRad*y
}
// Water from prevoius lake scene.
sphere { 0, grndRad
texture {
pigment {
color rgb <80,90,94>/255.0
}
finish {
diffuse 0.2
ambient 0.05*<80,90,94>/94
reflection_max 1.0*<80,90,94>/94
reflection_min 0.4*<80,90,94>/94
reflection_exponent 0.5
specular 0.3
roughness 0.001
brilliance 0.01
metallic 0.5
}
normal{
bozo
normal_map {
[ 0.00 waves 0.050 translate -0.5 rotate -132 scale 1000*baseRad
frequency 500*baseRad]
[ 0.70 ripples 0.025 translate -0.5 rotate 213 scale 1000*baseRad
frequency 1000*baseRad]
[ 0.85 waves 0.015 translate -0.5 rotate 23 scale 1000*baseRad
frequency 1000*baseRad]
[ 1.00 ripples 0.005 translate -0.5 rotate 73 scale 1000*baseRad
frequency 2000*baseRad]
}
scale 1/100
scale 1/50
warp { turbulence 1/5 octaves 2 lambda 5 omega 1/5 }
warp { turbulence -1/5 octaves 2 lambda 5 omega 1/5 }
scale 50
}
}
translate -baseRad*y
}
// Land from previous lake scene.
#declare turbVal = 1/4;
#declare landLevel = 0.92;
height_field {
pattern 400,400 {
hf_gray_16
average
pigment_map
{
[1
cylindrical cubic_wave
scale 0.5 translate <0.5,0,0.5>
scale 10
warp { turbulence 0.25 octaves 3 lambda 5 omega 1/5 }
warp { turbulence 0.25 octaves 3 lambda 5 omega 1/5 }
scale 1/10
colour_map { [0 rgb 0][0.4 rgb 1] }
]
[1
cylindrical cubic_wave
scale 0.5 translate <0.5,0,0.5>
scale 10
warp { turbulence 0.25 octaves 3 lambda 5 omega 1/5 }
warp { turbulence 0.25 octaves 3 lambda 5 omega 1/5 }
scale 1/10
pigment_map {
[0.41 rgb 0]
[0.75
planar cubic_wave
scale 2 translate -y
warp { turbulence turbVal octaves 3 lambda 3 omega 1/sqrt(3) }
warp { turbulence turbVal octaves 3 lambda 3 omega 1/sqrt(3) }
warp { turbulence turbVal octaves 3 lambda 3 omega 1/sqrt(3) }
warp { turbulence turbVal octaves 3 lambda 3 omega 1/sqrt(3) }
colour_map { [0.15 rgb 0.05][0.85 rgb 1] }
scale 1/6
]
}
]
}
}
smooth
texture {
slope y
texture_map {
[landLevel-0.05
pigment {
spotted frequency 4
colour_map{
[0.0 colour DarkBrown]
[0.2 colour Gold]
[0.2 colour Tan]
[0.5 colour DarkBrown*0.7]
[1.0 colour DarkBrown*1.2]
}
scale <4,20,4>
warp { turbulence 1 }
scale <10, 0.1, 10>
rotate 23
scale 10/(<20,2,20>*2)
}
normal { granite 0.05 scale 0.15 }
finish {
diffuse 0.4 specular 0.3 ambient 0.1*DarkBrown
brilliance 1 roughness 0.5 metallic
reflection_max 0.4*DarkBrown reflection_min 0.1*DarkBrown
}
]
[landLevel
pigment { colour DarkBrown*0.5 }
normal { granite 0.2 scale 0.5 }
finish {
diffuse 0.4 specular 0.2 ambient 0.05*DarkBrown
brilliance 0.1 roughness 0.1 metallic
reflection_max 0.25*DarkBrown reflection_min 0.05*DarkBrown
}
]
[landLevel
pigment { colour ForestGreen }
normal { granite 0.1 scale 0.25 }
finish {
diffuse 0.7 specular 0 ambient 0.2*ForestGreen
reflection_max 0.6*ForestGreen reflection_min 0.2*ForestGreen
}
]
}
}
translate -0.5
scale <20,2,20>*2
translate sqrt(grndRad*grndRad-20*2*0.4*20*2*0.4)*y
rotate x*degrees(atan2(20*2*0.5,grndRad))
translate -baseRad*y
}
--
Ken Tyler
See my 850+ Povray and 3D Rendering and Raytracing Links at:
http://home.pacbell.net/tylereng/index.html
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