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How would I make wings on an object flap at a certain speed relative to the
clock?
ex:
#declare flapSpeed=50;
object{Wing rotate ???}
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"Mahalis" <don### [at] fakey com> wrote in message
news:3bc5bbf8$1@news.povray.org...
> How would I make wings on an object flap at a certain speed relative to
the
> clock?
> ex:
> #declare flapSpeed=50;
> object{Wing rotate ???}
I use Chris Colefax's clock modifier for such things. You can specify a
"repeat" number along with an oscillation for example.
http://www.geocities.com/ccolefax/
Bob H.
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"Mahalis" <don### [at] fakeycom> wrote in message
news:3bc5bbf8$1@news.povray.org...
> How would I make wings on an object flap at a certain speed relative to
the
> clock?
> ex:
> #declare flapSpeed=50;
> object{Wing rotate <sin((clock*50)*(2*pi))*Xdimension,
cos((clock*50)*(2*pi))*Ydimension, 0>}
Or something like that.
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Mahalis wrote:
> How would I make wings on an object flap at a certain speed relative to the
> clock?
> ex:
> #declare flapSpeed=50;
> object{Wing rotate ???}
The simple solution goes something like this:
#declare min_angle = -45;
#declare max_angle = 45;
#declare center_angle = (min_angle + max_angle)/2;
#declare amplitude = abs(max_angle - center_angle);
#declare wing_angle = center_angle + cos(clock)*amplitude;
This would be a constant motion up and down, but most flapping requires a
shorter downstroke and a longer upstroke, so you can make a few adjustments:
#declare frac_clock = clock - int(clock); // The wave works between 0 and 1,
but not between 1 and 2
#declare wing_angle = center_angle + cos(pow(frac_clock,0.8))*amplitude;
This creates a slightly more realistic flapping motion. I recommend values
between 0.5 and 1. The closer to 1 you get, the smoother the flapping.
--
Josh English
eng### [at] spiritonecom
The POV-Ray Cyclopedia http://www.spiritone.com/~english/cyclopedia/
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Josh English wrote:
> <snip>
> #declare frac_clock = clock - int(clock); // The wave works between 0 and 1,
> but not between 1 and 2
> #declare wing_angle = center_angle + cos(pow(frac_clock,0.8))*amplitude;
Oops. This should be:
#declare wing_angle = center_angle + cos(2*pi*pow(frac_clock,0.8))*amplitude;
This of course gives you the rotation value you're looking for. Without that
2*pi bit you get a really strange motion.
Another thing I could add is that this gives one flap per second, if you want
more flaps per second change the frac_clock definition to:
#declare frac_clock = (clock*2) - int(clock*2); // Two Flaps per second
--
Josh English
eng### [at] spiritonecom
The POV-Ray Cyclopedia http://www.spiritone.com/~english/cyclopedia/
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// more like this
////////////// Camera //////////////////////
camera { //
right < -1.333, 0.0, 0.0 > //
up < 0.0, 1.0, 0.0 > //
direction < 0.0, 0.0, 1.0 > //
location < 5.0, 5.0, 20.0 > //
look_at < 0.0, 0.0, 0.0 > //
} //
////////////// end Camera //////////////////
/////////////// Light ////////////////
light_source { < -100.0, 100.0, 100.0 >
color rgb < 1.0, 1.0, 1.0 > }
///////////////////////////////////////
/////////////// Light ////////////////
light_source { < 100.0, 100.0, 100.0 >
color rgb < 1.0, 1.0, 1.0 > }
///////////////////////////////////////
#declare Ydimension = 30.0;
#declare zdimension = 60.5;
#declare flapSpeed=12;
cylinder {
-3*x, 3*x, 0.5 pigment { rgb 2 }
translate 3*x
rotate <
0,
cos((clock*flapSpeed)*(2*pi))*Ydimension,
sin((clock*flapSpeed)*(2*pi))*zdimension >
}
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Of course, if you leave the clock setting as is, it runs from 0 to 1 so if
you render a movie with 100 frames and then again with 200 frames, the
flapping speed in the second movie will be half that of the first, perhaps
it's better to use frame_number, to keep it consistent no matter what the
length of the animation. But it really depends on the situation.
-tgq
"Bill DeWitt" <bde### [at] cflrrcom> wrote in message
news:3bc6edd0@news.povray.org...
> // more like this
> ////////////// Camera //////////////////////
> camera { //
> right < -1.333, 0.0, 0.0 > //
> up < 0.0, 1.0, 0.0 > //
> direction < 0.0, 0.0, 1.0 > //
> location < 5.0, 5.0, 20.0 > //
> look_at < 0.0, 0.0, 0.0 > //
> } //
> ////////////// end Camera //////////////////
>
>
> /////////////// Light ////////////////
> light_source { < -100.0, 100.0, 100.0 >
> color rgb < 1.0, 1.0, 1.0 > }
> ///////////////////////////////////////
> /////////////// Light ////////////////
> light_source { < 100.0, 100.0, 100.0 >
> color rgb < 1.0, 1.0, 1.0 > }
> ///////////////////////////////////////
>
> #declare Ydimension = 30.0;
> #declare zdimension = 60.5;
> #declare flapSpeed=12;
>
> cylinder {
> -3*x, 3*x, 0.5 pigment { rgb 2 }
> translate 3*x
> rotate <
> 0,
> cos((clock*flapSpeed)*(2*pi))*Ydimension,
> sin((clock*flapSpeed)*(2*pi))*zdimension >
> }
>
>
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In the end, I decided just to use semi-transparent cones to look like
blurred, flapping wings.
--
camera{location<0,0.25,-2> look_at 0.5*y} #declare
T=texture{pigment{crackle scale 0.5 rotate 90 turbulence 0.75 color_map{[0
rgb 1][0.05 rgb 1][0.1 rgb<1,0.25,1>][0.25 rgbf 1][1 rgbf 1]}}
finish{ambient 1}} #declare c=difference{torus{0.5,0.1
rotate -90*x}box{<0.7,0,0.2>,<-0.7,-0.7,-0.2>}} merge{object{c
translate<0.5,0.5,0>} object{c translate<-0.5,0.5,0>}
cylinder{<1,0.5,0>,<1,0,0>,0.1} cylinder{<-1,0.5,0>,<-1,0,0>,0.1}
cylinder{0.5*y,0,0.1} texture{T}} #end
//Mahalis
"Trevor Quayle" <Tin### [at] hotmailcom> wrote in message
news:3bc6eff3$1@news.povray.org...
> Of course, if you leave the clock setting as is, it runs from 0 to 1 so if
> you render a movie with 100 frames and then again with 200 frames, the
> flapping speed in the second movie will be half that of the first, perhaps
> it's better to use frame_number, to keep it consistent no matter what the
> length of the animation. But it really depends on the situation.
>
> -tgq
>
>
> "Bill DeWitt" <bde### [at] cflrrcom> wrote in message
> news:3bc6edd0@news.povray.org...
> > // more like this
> > ////////////// Camera //////////////////////
> > camera { //
> > right < -1.333, 0.0, 0.0 > //
> > up < 0.0, 1.0, 0.0 > //
> > direction < 0.0, 0.0, 1.0 > //
> > location < 5.0, 5.0, 20.0 > //
> > look_at < 0.0, 0.0, 0.0 > //
> > } //
> > ////////////// end Camera //////////////////
> >
> >
> > /////////////// Light ////////////////
> > light_source { < -100.0, 100.0, 100.0 >
> > color rgb < 1.0, 1.0, 1.0 > }
> > ///////////////////////////////////////
> > /////////////// Light ////////////////
> > light_source { < 100.0, 100.0, 100.0 >
> > color rgb < 1.0, 1.0, 1.0 > }
> > ///////////////////////////////////////
> >
> > #declare Ydimension = 30.0;
> > #declare zdimension = 60.5;
> > #declare flapSpeed=12;
> >
> > cylinder {
> > -3*x, 3*x, 0.5 pigment { rgb 2 }
> > translate 3*x
> > rotate <
> > 0,
> > cos((clock*flapSpeed)*(2*pi))*Ydimension,
> > sin((clock*flapSpeed)*(2*pi))*zdimension >
> > }
> >
> >
>
>
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